Drilling bit



W. A. ABEGG DRILLING BI'T Mach 8, 1932 Filed Aug. 26, 1929 J7 @M i@ #07755? UNITED- srrivrasv PATENT# OFFICE `wA:|`:.'.rI-r.:a A. Annod'or Los ANGELES, jcALII'onNIA, AssIeNoa or ONE-mm: "ro n.

nEINIIoLn, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA l DBILLING :Brr f Application led Augult 28, 1929. Serial No. 388,410.

This invention has k,to do with a drilling bit and relates more particularly to a bit for drilling wells, ortthe like. It 1s a general object of the invention to provide Van improved, eiiective and .commercially practical bit suitablefo'r Awell drilling.

It is another object of theinvention-to rovide a practical, dependable constructlon or mounting cutters on a shank so that they can be varied as to position, withrelation to theshank.y By the present invention a single bit construction can beiusedto Vdrill holesfof diierent sizes,` this being .f made `possible by varying the cutters onthe shank..

Another object ofthe inventiony is to provide abit construction in which the cutters are mounted on the shank through carriers, the' carriers being secured to the shank through` a simple, inexpensive and dependable construction. .n Y I A further objectof` the yinvention is to provide abit constructionof the character men,- tioned in which thecutter carriers areksecured to the shank by a plurality ofindependent means, making the construction particularly secure and dependable. a

'It' is kanother objectfof 'the invention to provide a bit construction Ainwhichthe wear receiving parts, that is, the, cuttersA and` their carriers, are of` simple, inexpensiveconstruction, makingthe tool inexpensive tomaintain in properf operating condition. Thecutter carriers arefso'related'to'the bodyasto protect or'shield'the body-against wear.:y

The various objects and features of myingvention ,will be;bestfand'n iore'v fully understood, from the ffollowingfdetailed descri tion of a typical form and application of t e invention, f throughout which, description reference -isr had to the:accompanyingdrawings, in'which: f

` Figq'l is a side elevatienfofa ing thefconstruction provided bylthis -in- Qvention. n Fig., isf` aj'vertical V`detailedfsectional viewfoff. the ibit.y Fir .j3j is a detailed A"transverse` sectional view o the bittak'en as indicated byline 3-3 on Fig. "I, and 4 is a detailed transverse sectional view of the bit taken as indicated by line on Fig. 1.

The bit provided by this Invention includes, generally, a shank 10, cutters 11, and

In theparticular embodiment of the invention illustrated the cutters are conical cutters and the construction embodies two cutters arranged diametrically opposite eachv other at the lower end of the tool with their axes conver ing downwardly. This arrangement o cutters is a common and typical arrangementv which, will serve` to fac1liate anY understanding of the present invenion. f

The kshank 10 includes,'generally, a body 13, an enlarged portion or head 14 at the upper end ofthe body 13,`and a tapered pin proJection 15 on the upper'end of the head to facilitate .connection of the tool with a strlng of drill pipe 16, or the like. i' The main or body portion 13 of the shank isy flattened at oppositefsides so that it .has fiat side faces 17. The lower end portions 18 of the faces 17 are preferably pitchedv or tapered inwardly, forming seats for the -cuttercarriers as will bel hereinafter described.` f

' Thehead vportion of the shank Vis' preferably substantially roundl in cross section. Inithe particular form of the invention illus'- trated opposite sides 19 ofl thehead are somewhat flattened, the iattenedparts 19 ncontinuing downwardly alongthe body 13 making the body rectangulariinfcross section, as clearly shown injFigV 3. The tapered screwthreadedprojectidn'l atthe upper` end of the shanklmay be of the type commonly providedfon vwell tools for `purpose of making a connection withan adjoining part.Y Agcentral longitudinal circulation opening 2 0l extends through the shank from the'upper end ofthe pinprojection 15 tothe 'flower end 'of the body 13;l The opening' QO'hasja v reduced `an opening 25 extending into the Each cutter illustrated in the drawingisis in the nature of a unit or assembly inclu ing a bushing 22 and a rlcutter proper 23 rotatabl mountedfon the bushing. The bushing an cutter are keyed or locked together by a retaining Y on t e shank 10. In the 'particular case illustrated there is one cutter on each carrier and the bit includes two cutters so therefore there are two cutter carriers 12. Each carrier 12 includes a block 28 to be arranged at one of the sidevfaces 17 of the body '13 and a pin or stud 29 to carr the bushin assembly 11. e block 28 as a at inner side 30 ada ted to fit against the side face 17 of the body 13 and has a curved outer face 31 substantially concentric with the longitudinal axis of the tool. The block 28 is rovided with a shoulder 32 at the lower en of the face 30 to oppose the seat 18 at the lower end of the bod 13. In the preferred z construction a was er or spacer plate 33 is arranged between the seat 18 and shoulder 32 in a manner such as is illustrated in the drawings. The block 28 projects downward ly or below the lower end ofthe body 13. The projecting portion of the block 28 has its under side finished to present a downwardly and outwardly extending face 34 on which the cutter 11 is adapted to be mounted. The cutter mounting pin or stud 29 projects from the face 34 and is perpendicular to the 2 of the drawings.

face 34. The in 29 is screw threaded and the bushing o? the cutter assembly is provided with a screw-threaded socket 35 so that the bushing 22 can be applied to the pin in the manner clearly illustrated in Fig.

In practice it is desirab e to insert a washer 36 between the flange 26 of the cutter `bushing and the face 34 of the carrier block 28.

The present invention provides means for mounting the cutter carriers on the body, and in the preferred form of the invention each carrier is connected to the body at two points. In the construction illustrated each carrier block has its upper end connected to the shank. The connection between the upper end of the block and the shank is a pivotal connection allowing the block to be shifted or swung with relation to the shank to vary the spacing of the cutter 11 with reference to the central axis of the tool. The connection at the lowerend portion of the shank is immediately adjacent the cutter carrying portion of the shank and is in the nature of a clamp means operating to firmly and securely unite the cutter carrying block and the body 13 of the shank.

22 of a cutter In the specific construction illustrated each cutter carrying block 28 is provided at its upper end with a tongue 40 projecting between spaced lugs 41 protecting downwardly from t e head 14 of the s 17 of the shank. A pivot pin 42 extends through the lugs 41 and tongue 40 pivotally connecting the cutter carrying block with thev shank of the tool. In the construction illustrated the pivot pin is held in place b a set screw 44 extending into the tongue 4g its inner side and engagin the side of the pin in the manner clear y illustrated in Fi 2 of the drawings. By this particular looging arrangement the pivotal connection cannot work loose as the set screw 44, which holds the pin in place, cannot become displaced unless the cutter carrying block 28 is swung away from the body of the shank. It is preferred to curve the lower ends of the lugs 41 concentric with the axes of the pins 42 and to correspondingly curve the upper ends of the blocks so that up thrust, or strain, is taken between the blocks and lugs and not through the ins.

T e clamping means provided for holding the lower end portion of the cutter carrying block to the body 13 of the shank ma be in the form of a bolt construction. In t e case illustrated two bolts 50, located at diametrically opposite sides of the central axis of the tool, extend through the two cutter carrying blocks 28 and through the lower end portion of the body 13, clamping these parts firmly together. The bolts are preferabl located so that they also extend through t e spacer blocks 33 and thus operate to hold the blocks in place between the body 13 and the cutter carryin blocks 28. The ends of the bolts 50 are pre erably countersunk in recesses 55 provided in the outer side of the cutter carrying blocks l28, as clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

It is pre erred to provide spherically faced washers under the heads and nuts of the bolts and to fit the bolts through the blocks so that change in angle of the locks does notput bending strains on the bolts.

Through the arrangement and construction just describedv each cutter carr ing block 28 is held immediately adjacent t e cutter supporting part by the two bolts 50, thus making the construction particularly secure and dependable. It is also to be noted that the positioning of the bolts and the general formaion of parts permits of the bolts 50 being comparatively large, or heav thus giving the construction great strengt is also to be noted that the hinge construction between the upper ends of the cutter carrying blocks and shank may be sturdy and such as to eectively brace the blocks with reference to theshank.

In using the tool the parts are assembled as is shown in the drawings, the pivotal oonank and joining the facce,l

from` and rigidity. It4

nections being locked by the set screws 44 and the bolts 50 being made tight so that the cutter carriers and shank form a rigid unitary construction firmly supporting the cutters 1l in position for operation. When it is desired to repair or replace the cutters, the bolts 50 may be released and the carrier blocks 29 swung away from the body of the shank,

, making the cutters 11 accessible so that they can be removed from the mounting pins 29. It will be obvious that the cutters cannot ben` come displaced or removed from the pins 29 when the carrier blocks 28 are in place against the shank, as shown in the drawings. The construction provided by the invention makes it possible to space the cutters 11 various distances from the central axis of the shank, it being obvious that this permits of the use -of cutters l1 of diiferent sizes, as cutters of larger diameter can be used when the blocks are s read-further apart than when the blocks are c ose together, or permits the same cutters to be spaced different distances apart to drill different-sized holes. By arranging spacer blocks 33 of different thicknesses or sizes between the cutter carrying blocks 28 and the body of the shank, the cutters may be spaced in any desired manner. V

Having described only a typical, preferred form of my invention, I do not wish to limit myself to the specific details set forth, but wish to reserve to myself any changes or variations that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims:

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a bit of the character described, a shank, a carrier having one end pivotally attached to the shank, means intermediate the ends of the carrier holding the carrier against pivotal movement, a ,spacer block between the shank and carrier at a point spaced'from the pivotal axis of the carrier, and a cutter on the carrier. L'

2. In a bit of the character described, a shank having a. face, a carrier pivotally connected to the shank, a face on the carrier, a spacer block between the said faces, means for clamping the 'carrier toward the shank to clamp the spacer block between the faces, and v a cutter on the carrier.

3. In a bit of the character described, a shank having an inclined face, spaced lugs on the shank above said face, a carrler having an 55 inclined face opposite the faceof the shank vand a art extending between the lu s, a pin exten ing through the lugs and sai part of the carrier, a spacer block, a bolt extending through the shank andl carrier and yclamping w theV spacer block between the faces, and a cutter on the carrier.

4. A bit including, a shank, a plurality of carriers pivotally connected to the shank, spacer blocks between the carriers and the shank, means spaced from the pivotal axes of the carriers for clamping the carriers toward the shank, and cutters on the carriers.

5. A bit including, a shank, a plurality of carriers pivotally connected to the shank, spacer blocks between the carriers and the shank, means spaced from the pivotal axes of the carriers for clamping the carriers toward the shank, including a bolt extending through the shank, spacer blocks, and carriers, and cutters on the carriers.

6. A bit including, a shank having inclined faces, a. plurality of carriers pivotally connected with the shank and having inclined faces opposite the inclined faces on the shank, spacer blocks between the inclined faces of the shank and carriers, means for holding the carriers against pivotal movement and for clamping the spacer blocks in position, and cutters on the carriers.

7. A bit including, a shank having faces on opposite sides, a carrier pivoted on each of the said opposite sides of the shank, cutters carried by the carriers, spacer blocks between the carriers and said faces and releasable means for holding the carriers against pivotal movement, and for clamping the spacer blocks in position.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 24th day of July, 1929.

WALTER A. ABEGG. 

